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Couplets
Two-lined poems with a fun
and simple rhyming pattern. Each line has the same number of syllables
and their endings must rhyme with one another. Humor is often used
in couplets.
The Shark poem:
an excellent example
of a longer poem created with couplets.
Fun
to do with students' names at the beginning of the year to create
a class poem!
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A starfish crawled upon the
beach,
But still remained just out of reach.
by Mrs. Sinclair
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Triplets
Triplets
are three-lined poems that rhyme. Each line has the same number
of syllables
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Quatrains
This type
of poetry always has four lines and rhymes in one of four ways.
Poets use letters to show the pattern of rhyme. The four types of
rhyme for a quatrain are: AABB,
ABAB, ABBA,
and ABCB. Examples are linked.
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Cinquain
Poems #1
Cinq
is the French word for "five". A cinquain is a short, five-line,
nonrhyming poem which follows the following format:
First line - The title
(one word)
2nd line - Describes the title (two words)
3rd line - Express action (three words)
4th line - A feeling or thought (four words)
5th line - A synonym for the title or a word close in meaning
to it.
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Humpbacks
Majestic
mammals
Sing sweet songs
Sometimes make me cry
Whales
by Mrs. Sinclair
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Cinquain
Poems #2
In this variation
the lines depend on parts of speech and syllables. The pattern
is:
1st
line - one noun of 2 syllables
2nd line - adjectives with a total of 4 syllables that describe
the noun
3rd line - words showing action and having a total of 6 syllables
(-ing words work well)
4th line - words with a total of 8 syllables that tell how you feel
about the noun
5th line - Another noun of 2 syllables that makes you think of the
first noun
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Tanka
A form of Japanese
poetry that depends on the number of lines and syllables instead
of rhyme. The pattern is:
Line
1 = 5 syllables
Line 2 = 7 syllables
Line 3 = 5 syllables
Line 4 = 7 syllables
Line 5 = 7 syllables
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Haiku
Haiku is a
Japanese poem with no rhyme. Haiku poems have only three lines,
each with a certain number of syllables. Here is the pattern:
Line
1 = 5 syllables
Line 2 = 7 syllables
Line 3 = 5 syllables
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Diamante
Poems, Method 1
Diamante is
a seven-line, diamond-shaped poem which contrasts two opposites.
It is more a visual poem than one to be read aloud. Students can
illustrate their final copies to produce an art piece. It follows
this format:
First Line
and seventh line - Name the opposites.
Second and sixth lines - Two adjectives describing the opposite
nearest it.
Third and fifth lines - Three participles (ing words) describing
the nearest opposite.
Fourth line - two nouns (if possible) for each of the opposites.
(This is the transition point where the poem changes from one
of the opposites to the other.)
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Peaks,
Snowcapped, windswept,
Reaching, waiting, challenging
mountain ranges, ocean trenches,
Obscuring, waiting, daunting
Dark, black
Depths.
by Mrs. Sinclair
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Sonnet
A sonnet is
a poem of fourteen lines. It begins with three quatrains and ends
with one couplet (rhyme scheme: a, b, a, b, c, d, c, d, e, f, e,
f, g, g).
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Limericks
A limerick
is a whimsical poem with only five lines. This type of poem depends
on rhythm and rhyme. It follows a AABBA rhyme scheme.
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Dream
Poem
In each line
of the poem, the student describes what an animal or an object dreams
about at night.
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The snail dreams
of his shell.
The surfboard
dreams of a big wave.
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Persona
Poems
Each line
is a question addressed to an animal or a thing. A good way to introduce
this is to do a shared writing of one where each student contributes
one line.
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Shark, do you
feel sorry for the fish you kill?
Jellyfish, do you giggle when you move?
Squid,
where do you go at night?
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List
Poems
1.
Write a poem in which every line contains a color.
Write a poem
in which every line is a thank you to someone or something. A student
might want to thank his father, his dog, his baseball bat, his pencil,
the sky, the person who invented ice cream. Be sure the student
says exactly what he is thankful for (thanking his pencil for writing
down all his math problems or his mother for packing a tuna fish
sandwich in his lunch).
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If
I Were a ____________Poem
Uses this framework:
If I were a
_____________
I'd _________ and
I'd _________ and
I'd _________.
I'd be _____________!
Frame
for center work
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If
I Were a Pirate
If I were a
pirate
I'd swagger and
I'd wear a patch and
I'd attack treasure boats.
I'd be fearsome!
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| LANTERN POEMSLantern poems are written in the shape of Japanese
lanterns. Their shape is formed by using five lines, each with a different
number of syllables. The number of syllables for each line are: line
1 = 1 syllable line 2 = 2 syllables line 3 = 3 syllables line 4 =
4 syllables line 5 = 1 syllable |
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Poetry
Terminology
Accent - the
stronger tone of voice that is given to certain syllables or words.
Feet - a foot
consists of one stressed syllable and one or two unstressed syllables.
| monometer -
one foot |
pentameter -
five feet |
| dimeter - two
feet |
hexameter -
six feet |
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trimeter -
three feet
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heptameter
- seven feet
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tetrameter
- four feet
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octometer -
eight feet
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Meter - the
rhythm pattern of lines in a pome. It is the arrangement of accents in
a line of poetry.
Poem - a form
of writing in verse. While many poems consist of lines that rhyme, rhyming
is not necessary.
Rhyme - to
sound alike in the last part.
Rhythm - regular
repetition of a beat or accent.
Stanza - a
group of lines of poetry arranged in a specific order. (A verse of a poem.)
Syllable -
a word or part of a word pronounced as one unit. A syllable usually consists
of a vowel alone or a vowel with one or more consonants.
Verse - lines
of words with a regular repeated accent which often rhyme. (A group of
lines of poetry.)
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Books
to Help You Teach Poetry
Writing
Poetry with Children, Joy Evans & Jo Ellen Moore, Evan-Moor
1988
Poems to Grow On: Poetry Activities for Young Children, Mabel
Chandler Duch, Fearon Teacher Aids 1997
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Hear
them sing sweet songs